RF Wireless 4G & 5G

Hata Path Loss and Cell Range Calculator (150–2000 MHz)

Macro-cell propagation for LTE bands such as 700, 900, 1800 and 2100 MHz.

By TheCalcTools Updated Formula checked and tested

Your numbers

Your results

Model used
Model used
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Path loss at distance (dB)
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Cell range at the maximum path loss (km)
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Slope (dB per decade)
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Hata Path Loss and Cell Range Calculator (150–2000 MHz) by TheCalcTools

How the Hata Path Loss and Cell Range Calculator (150–2000 MHz) works

Enter frequency, base-station and mobile antenna heights, distance and environment.

Below 1,500 MHz the Okumura-Hata formula is used; from 1,500 to 2,000 MHz the COST-231 extension applies.

Enter the maximum allowable path loss from your link budget to get the cell range: d = 10^((MAPL − A) ÷ B).

The formula

L = A + B log₁₀ dHata: A = 69.55 + 26.16 log f − 13.82 log h_b − a(h_m); COST-231: A = 46.3 + 33.9 log f − 13.82 log h_b − a(h_m) + C_m

Worked example

Using the default values shown in the calculator:

Frequency (MHz)1800
Base station antenna height (m)30
Mobile antenna height (m)1.5
Distance (km)2
EnvironmentUrban
City size (COST-231 only)Medium city / suburban
Maximum allowable path loss (dB)140
  1. At 1,800 MHz, 30 m base antenna: A and B give a path loss of 146.8 dB at 2 km.
  2. Model: COST-231 Hata. With a MAPL of 140 dB the range is 1.28 km.

Result:

Model usedCOST-231 Hata
Path loss at distance (dB)146.8
Cell range at the maximum path loss (km)1.28
Slope (dB per decade)35.2

Frequently asked questions

What is the range of validity?

Frequency 150–2,000 MHz, base antenna 30–200 m, mobile 1–10 m, distance 1–20 km. Outside these limits results are extrapolated.

Does it apply to 5G at 3.5 GHz?

No. The Hata family stops at 2 GHz. Use the 3GPP UMa model in the NR calculators.

Sources and further reading

LTE / 5G Link Budget and MAPL Calculator (DL and UL)Find which link limits your coverage, uplink or downlink 5G NR Path Loss Calculator (3GPP UMa)Path loss and range for 3.5 GHz and other NR bands Free-Space Path Loss CalculatorHow much signal strength does a wireless link lose over distance? Antenna Downtilt CalculatorSet tilt so coverage reaches the edge without overshooting Fresnel Zone and Microwave LOS Clearance CalculatorIs the path clear of obstructions, with 60% of the first Fresnel zone? Radio Horizon and Line-of-Sight Distance CalculatorHow far can two towers see each other?

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This calculator gives estimates for information only. Check important results independently before you rely on them. See our disclaimer.