Biology

Bacterial Growth Calculator (Doubling Time and Generations)

Project how a culture grows, or find its doubling time from two counts.

Your numbers

hours
minutes

Your results

Final population
Final population
—
Generations
—
Doubling time (minutes)
—
Growth rate constant (per hour)
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Bacterial Growth Calculator (Doubling Time and Generations) by TheCalcTools

How the Bacterial Growth Calculator (Doubling Time and Generations) works

During exponential (log) phase, every cell divides once per generation, so the population doubles each doubling time: N = N₀ × 2^(t/g).

From two counts, the number of generations is log₂(N/N₀) and the doubling time is the elapsed time divided by that. Real cultures slow down as nutrients run out (stationary phase).

The formula

N = N₀ × 2^n, n = t ÷ g; g = t ÷ log₂(N ÷ N₀)

Worked example

Using the default values shown in the calculator:

FindFinal population from doubling time
Starting count (cells or CFU/mL)1000
Time elapsed4 hours
Doubling time20 minutes
Final count4.096e+06
  1. 4 hours at a 20-minute doubling time is 12 generations.
  2. 1,000 × 2^12 = 4096000 cells.

Result:

Final population4096000
Generations12.00
Doubling time (minutes)20.00
Growth rate constant (per hour)2.0794

Frequently asked questions

What is the doubling time of E. coli?

About 20 minutes in rich medium at 37 °C, longer in poorer media or at lower temperatures.

Sources and further reading

More in Biology · All calculators

This calculator gives estimates for information only. Check important results independently before you rely on them. See our disclaimer.