Dilution Calculator (C1V1 = C2V2)
How much stock solution do you need to make a diluted solution?
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Dilution Calculator (C1V1 = C2V2) by TheCalcTools
How the Dilution Calculator (C1V1 = C2V2) works
Enter the stock concentration, the concentration you want and the final volume.
The amount of solute is unchanged by dilution, so C₁V₁ = C₂V₂.
Add the stock to a container, then top up with diluent to the final volume.
The formula
Worked example
Using the default values shown in the calculator:
| Stock concentration C₁ | 12 |
|---|---|
| Target concentration C₂ | 1 |
| Final volume V₂ (mL) | 500 |
- V₁ = 1 × 500 ÷ 12 = 41.67 mL of 12 M stock.
- Add 458.33 mL of diluent to reach 500 mL.
- The dilution factor is 12×.
Result:
| Stock needed, V₁ (mL) | 41.667 |
|---|---|
| Diluent to add (mL) | 458.333 |
| Dilution factor | 12.000 |
Frequently asked questions
Do the units matter?
C₁ and C₂ can be in any unit as long as they match (mol/L, %, ppm). V₁ and V₂ must also match.
Should I add water to acid or acid to water?
Add concentrated acid slowly to water, never the reverse, because the heat released can cause spattering. Follow your lab’s safety rules.
Sources and further reading
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This calculator gives estimates for information only. Check important results independently before you rely on them. See our disclaimer.